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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety affects more than 40 million adults in the United States. There are a variety of medications available to treat anxiety.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. Contrary to benzodiazepines they're not addictive.

SSRIs

The most popular anxiety medication is selective serotonin inhibits (SSRIs) comprising citalopram, escitalopram, and fluoxetine. These medications also treat depression and can alleviate the symptoms of other anxiety disorders, like obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). They may take up to a month before they start working.

They work by increasing the production of certain chemical messengers within the brain, such as serotonin and norepinephrine. These drugs are usually the first choice to treat anxiety, though doctors may also prescribe other types of antidepressants and benzodiazepines.

Another class of antidepressants, known as serotonin and norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) such as duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor) are used to treat anxiety. They differ from SSRIs since they reduce norepinephrine, but at a lower level than SSRIs. These medications may take a few days to start taking effects, and also tend to be more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants like imipramine Tofranil can be effective in treating anxiety disorders. Their drowsiness, and other side effects make them less popular. Monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs) are a different kind of antidepressant that can be used to combat anxiety. However, their restrictions on diet and the high risk of toxicity limit their use.

Benzodiazepines can be used to combat panic attacks and anxiety in the short-term, while waiting for SSRIs and SNRIs. These medications can cause addiction tolerance, sedation, and tolerance, as well as withdrawal symptoms such a rebound anxiety, depression, and delirium. The most commonly used benzodiazepines are alprazolam (Xanax) and clonazepam (Klonopin) and lorazepam (Ativan).

Therapy is an essential component of a treatment plan for anxiety as it can help you discover more about the symptoms and the reasons. Many people discover that medication and therapy help them to cope. Some studies have shown that cognitive behavioral therapy is just as effective as medication for anxiety. Talk to your doctor to find out what's best treatment for anxiety disorder generalized for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines can have a calming effect that reduces anxiety and relaxes muscles that are tight. They also alleviate symptoms of bodily stimulation related to fear (like heart rate or shaking) and encourage sleep.

The way they function is through binding to inhibitory neurotransmitters, like gamma-aminobutryic acids or GABA, at receptors in the central nervous system. They enhance the effects of GABA by facilitating its inhibitory effect on other neurotransmitters, and reducing the amount of messages that are sent to the amygdala, a region of the brain that assesses threats and produces the sensation of fear.

These drugs can be used for short durations like when you experience a panic attack or when you experience severe anxiety. They can relieve symptoms within 30 to 60 minutes. In contrast to SSRIs which are a long-lasting medication, benzodiazepines do not stay in the body for a long time. They're quick-acting and can be effective in a matter of hours. This makes them perfect for situations when rapid relief is required (such as during a flight or before giving a presentation in public).

As they can be addictive, people are usually only prescribed them for a period of up to four weeks at a go. After that time, they also cease to be effective.

One of the main reasons benzodiazepines were so popular was they were efficient and had a few adverse effects when compared to their predecessors, such as meprobamate and barbiturates. They are safe and have a rapid start, and can be used as anxiolytics in order to reduce anxiety. They can also be used as sedatives, anticonvulsants and muscle relaxants.

Benzos are often blamed for the negative perceptions of anxiety that emerged in the 1970s and 1980s, including the stigmatization of anxiety and the belief that benzodiazepine treatment leads to physical dependence. Yet, benzodiazepines continue to play a crucial role in the treatment for anxiety disorders, particularly when combined with psychosocial interventions, such as cognitive behavioral therapy and other interpersonal therapies.

Benzos can interact with other drugs and trigger unwanted side effects, such as drowsiness or confusion. It is essential to inform your doctor know about any other prescription, non-prescription or herbal medications you're contemplating or are taking. You can find out which medications are safe to take with benzodiazepines by looking up the British National Formulary A-Z list of drug interactions.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants are effective in treating illness anxiety Disorder treatment and other mental disorders. According to the anxiety panic attack natural treatment and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved antidepressants for other health conditions, including eating disorders, bipolar disorder and certain types of pain.

Most doctors recommend SSRIs as the first line treatment for anxiety, but these medications may not be suitable for all people. If they fail, doctors may try the older type of antidepressant, known as tricyclic or tetracyclic an antidepressant. They include amitriptyline, nortriptyline and Clomipramine. These antidepressants are less common but still accessible. You can also ask your doctor to prescribe the sedating antidepressant trazodone(Desyrel) at lower doses if you are experiencing anxiety or sleep problems.

Other antidepressants that may help are nefazodone (Ferdinand) and duloxetine (Cymbalta). They are also available in generic form. If they don't work, your doctor might suggest a tranquilizing antidepressant mirtazapine (Remeron) or the antipsychotics quetiapine or olanzapine.

Treatments for other anxiety disorders include beta blockers, which decrease the blood pressure and heart rate by blocking the actions of adrenaline. These medications aren't typically used to treat anxiety on their own however they can be effective if coupled with psychotherapy.

Psychological therapy can help you overcome negative thoughts and behaviors that cause anxiety. It can help you learn to control your anxiety, and build coping skills. Based on the severity of your situation, exposure therapy or cognitive behavior therapy might be recommended. Cognitive behavioural therapy teaches you to confront negative and fearful thoughts and to overcome your aversion to situations that cause anxiety. Exposure therapy involves gradually increasing the level of anxiety-provoking situations until you are able to handle the stressors. This can be done individually or in small groups. In both cases, results will take time to manifest. Some people believe that the combination of medication and psychotherapy is the best treatment for generalized anxiety disorder choice. Some people find that medication alone is enough to control symptoms. It is important to inform your doctor what you're doing to control your symptoms.

Other Medications

Although benzodiazepines and antidepressants are the most common medications to treat anxiety, other medications can help ease your symptoms as well. Beta blockers, antihistamines and buspirone are often prescribed to reduce anxiety.

These medications correct an imbalance in the brain's chemicals and can help alleviate your symptoms by reducing or blocking signals that trigger stress and fear. But, they're not an all-in-one solution. You'll have to take steps to manage anxiety, including physical exercise, relaxation techniques and psychological therapy.

SSRIs or SNRIs are your first choice of anxiety medication that your doctor might prescribe. According to studies, these medications are the most effective in treating anxiety disorders. SSRIs are commonly found in sertraline (Zoloft) as well as fluoxetine, citalopram, and escitalopram. These medications can cause mild side effects like nausea and insomnia, but they usually disappear within 4-8 weeks. In contrast to benzodiazepines, these are not addictive and won't increase the risk of suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines, alprazolam (Xanax) as well as Clonazepam (Klonopin) and diazepoxide (Valium) offer immediate relief for anxiety and panic attacks However, they can cause side effects, including dizziness, drowsiness and coordination issues, and dependence. They're a less popular choice than the barbiturates of the past, however, they're equally efficient.

Antihistamines, such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) were initially developed to relieve allergies. However they can also be used to alleviate anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine blocks the histamine receptors in the brain and can cause a calming effect. It's not a controlled substance, so it doesn't have the same dangers of addiction like benzodiazepines.

Another type of medication that can help with anxiety is anxiety treatable a class of medications known as anticonvulsants. They've been shown to ease anxiety by interfering with the production and release of dopamine and serotonin. They might be prescribed in combination with other drugs or as a temporary treatment for anxiety. Your doctor will review your medical history and symptoms to determine if these drugs are suitable for you. They'll also talk about how long you should take them and any possible side effects. Anxiety medications are only available on prescription, which means you'll have to see a psychiatrist before you can get them.